FRASER Nancy-Anne

Notes:

WILES WHITE PAPER PROJECT NO. 5 - “D” Schultz Northern Michigan Family History


Charles Wachter, Jr.
Mackinac Island Fur Trader-Native American Roots Twice Verified by Daughters' DNA
...by Marie Rundquist and Richard Wiles

Mackinac Island on Lake Huron is central to the histories of North America's fur-trading industry in the the 18th and 19th centuries and the Wachter, Fraser, Fisher, and Farlinger (also known as Farling and McFarland) families of northern Michigan. On Mackinac Island, a 3.8 square mile spit of land located at the “tip of the mitten,” mid-way between Michigan's Upper and Lower Peninsulas, the North American fur-trading industry found its nexus, and a culture, comprised of Canadian fur-traders and their Native American wives, had its beginnings.

At the root of this family genealogy and cultural heritage is grandmother “Nancy-Anne Fraser,” whose storied, Scottish surname evokes discussion of John Fraser, a founding partner in Canada's McTavish, Fraser and Co. -- chief suppliers and fur brokers for the legendary North West Company. According to Harry Duckworth, John Fraser had engaged in Canadian business affairs throughout his career, traveling between London and Canada to restore a failed financial position while under the firm of Fraser and Young. John's association with the North American fur-trading industry began in earnest in the early 1790s, when he was at the mid-point of his life, and the McTavish, Fraser and Company was founded 1.

Based in Montreal, Fraser's company engaged in commerce with Mackinac Island fur trading society 2, fostering the inter-dependency of the two regions: with Mackinac Island serving as a supplier of furs and Montreal acting as its agent and vital link to the markets of Europe 3. In addition to his wife, Jeanne McKenzie, and two daughters, Justina and Mary, John Fraser had three sons: James, John (whom he helped place on the board of supervisors of the amalgamation of fur-trading giants, the North West and Hudson Bay Companies), and another who became a priest. According to Duckworth, daughter Mary married an unrelated, “James Fraser of Belladrum 4.” Through his partnership with McTavish, Fraser, and Company, John Fraser had in his later years, re-gained his fortune, established a Fraser family legacy in the North American fur-trading business, and he died in 1825, at the age of eighty-three. 5

In the early 1790s, when the McTavish, Fraser and Company was gaining a foot-hold in the local fur-trading economy, “Nancy-Anne Fraser,” of unknown parentage, was born. According to her husband's military records, Nancy-Anne Fraser was a half-breed, a “Metis,” of Anishinaabe (Ottawa (ODAWA)- Chippewa (Ojibwa)) and European (Scottish) ancestry. The Metis culture on Mackinac Island was born of the Native American “country wives,” and the Canadian fur-traders they never “officially” married, but with whom they had first or second families. This kinship-centered, social structure, an integral component of the fur-traders' economic sphere, survived and thrived on Mackinac Island, despite the political struggles between the United States and Britain in the late 18th century 6.

Family genealogy has, that in 1814, Nancy-Anne Fraser married James Farlinger, a blacksmith born in Ontario; she and her husband began their family on the nearby Drummond Island, following the


James Wachter
settlement patterns of other fur-trading families who sought British protection after the War of 1812. Daughters Marie (born 1824), Josephee (Josette) (1815), Elizabeth (1817) and Nancy (1819), were of an age to have attended a Protestant mission school, established on Mackinac Island, for the purpose of educating Indian children, but whose students were mostly the offspring of fur traders and their Native American “country wives 7.” James Farlinger and Nancy Fraser divorced after 1824, and James Farlinger remarried a Lamorandiere. By the mid-1840s, all four daughters had left Drummond Island to marry and begin their own families.

The Farlinger daughters' choices of spouses and eventual life circumstances crossed political boundaries and cultures. Daughter Marie and husband Charles Wachter, whose family was part of a commercial, fishing enterprise, married on Mackinac Island, Michigan (1845), and remained close to home. Daughters Josephee (Josette) and Nancy followed the paths of other fur-trader families who moved to Canada with the British: Josephee (Josette) married husband Thaddeus Lamorandiere (1837), and Nancy married David McArthur (1838) at Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada. Daughter Elizabeth married into the Beaulieu fur-trading family, established for generations on the Great Lakes 8; she and husband Clement Hudon married in 1835, in St. Joseph, Michigan, an area that was historically sympathetic to the French 9. Daughters Elizabeth and Nancy died in Minnesota, on the White Earth Reservation, in 1903 and 1879, respectively, with Elizabeth's name appearing opposite a number on an Indian Roll, her origins described as “mixed blood.” Daughter Marie died in 1871 on Mackinac Island; her sister Josephee (Josette), died in 1890, in Saginaw, Michigan.

Fast-forward to the twenty-first century, where in 2006, the late-descendant of Nancy Farling combed the Internet, visiting family genealogy websites with a singular mission: to uncover the origins of her earliest recorded grandmother, Nancy-Anne Fraser, and a hidden family line. Long after her passing, her posts remain published on the Internet, her earlier questions, and replies received, offering a series of clues, that six years later, in 2012, Petoskey, Michigan historian, researcher Richard Wiles, followed, bread-crumb fashion, as he researched the Wachter et. al. family history. The late descendant left an especially significant clue for Richard to find, one that revealed Nancy-Anne Fraser's earliest roots – her haplogroup “A” (Native American) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) test results, which were published on a DNA project website next to the name of her earliest ancestor, “Nancy Fraser.” Of genealogical concern, the published haplogroup “A” mtDNA test results revealed the Native American ancestries of Nancy-Anne Fraser and her maternal-line descendant, now deceased.

After researching the haplogroup A mtDNA test results with Family Tree DNA representatives and the Administrator of the Amerindian Ancestry out of Acadia Project, Richard Wiles determined that to verify Nancy-Anne Fraser's Native American ancestry, he would need to locate another test participant. In search of a second candidate, he compiled the genealogies assessed for the Wachter et. al. family, referenced earlier in the article, tracing maternal-line ancestries from mother to mother, through each of Nancy-Anne Fraser's four daughters, and discovered a second, maternal-line descendant, who agreed to test.

At this point, it is critical to recapitulate the maternal line genealogies of the two candidates: the first candidate, now deceased, descended from Nancy-Anne Fraser through daughter Nancy (Farling), who died on a reservation. The second candidate, discovered through genealogy research, descended from Nancy-Anne Fraser through daughter Marie (Farling), who died on Mackinac Island. For researcher Richard Wiles to verify the accuracy of the compared genealogies, and the Native American ancestry of Nancy-Anne Fraser, the two candidates' mtDNA test results must match!

After several weeks, the second candidate's mtDNA test results were returned: a match had been found between the first and second set of mtDNA test results. The original haplogroup A mtDNA finding received by the first candidate, the late descendant of Nancy (Farling), had resolved to the subgroup “A2i,” as the second candidate, a descendant of Marie (Farling), had completed the full mitochondrial sequence DNA test.

For the Wachter et. al. family, the discovery of a Native American ancestry, twice-verified by matching haplogroup A / A2i mtDNA test results, revealed the family's historic, Native American – fur trader legacy. As a result of Richard Wiles' persistence in locating a second descendant, and pursuing further mtDNA tests, an esteemed, Native American 10, Mackinac Island cultural heritage that had been destroyed by physical isolation, politics, and prejudice has been recovered for the Wachter, Fisher, Fraser, and Farling families.

Richard Wiles invites others who link to this family to email him directly at wiles.ra.t@att.net for further information, comments, and questions and posts the following maternal family lines with the families' permission:

Line 1:

Unknown Ojibwe / Chippewa Woman m. ? Fraser
Nancy-Anne Fraser m. James Farlinger, 1814
Marie Farlinger m. Charles Wachter, 1845, Mackinac Island (Michigan, USA)
Elsie Elizabeth Wachter m. Jeremiah Fisher, 1870, Cheboygan (Michigan, USA)

Line 2:

Unknown Ojibwe / Chippewa Woman m. ? Fraser
Nancy-Anne Fraser m. James Farlinger, 1814
Nancy Farlinger m. David McArthur, 1838, Penetanguishene (Ontario, Canada)
Nancy Jane McArthur m. Thomas Billings Adams ?

For questions about the Amerindian Ancestry out of Acadia Family Tree DNA project, email the Project Administrator at mrundqui@shentel.net. To view project test results, visit http://www.familytreedna.com/public/AcadianAmerIndian/default.aspx?/publicwebsite.aspx
Copyright 2012

__________________________________________________________________________
1. Jennifer S. H. Brown, W. J. Eccles, and Donald P. Heldman, eds. The Fur Trade Revisited: Selected Papers of the Sixth North American Fur Trade Conference, Mackinac Island, Michigan, 1991. East Lansing and Mackinac Island: Michigan State University Press/Mackinac State Historic Parks, 1994. pp. 39-50.
2. Ibid, 311.
3. Ibid., 310.
4. Ibid., 47, 56, n. 54
5. Ibid., 39-50.
6. Ibid., pp. 161-164, 310.
7. Ibid, 319. In Keith R. Widder's Battle for the Soul, Metis Children Encounter Evangelical Protestants at Mackinaw Mission, 1823-1837, the names of Elizabeth Farling (age 10), Nancy Farling (age 7), of Drummond Island, are listed in an appendix as attending in the year 1827. Both were described as "1/4 Chippaway."
8. Ibid., 199.
9. Ibid., pp. 306, 307.
10. Wyckoff, Larry M. 1836 Mixed-Blood Census Register, Ottawas and Chippewas of Michigan, Treaty of March 28, 1836,
includes a record of claimant Elizabeth Farling, listed her status as "admitted" and the amount of awarded monies: "486 Elizabeth Farling 3 19 Mackinac 9 1/4 Chippewa Admitted $95.14 To be retained Does not live with parents."


Subject: NANCY FRASER Ottaw-Chippewa maternal ----mtDNA results are in from Family Tree DNA


Family Tree DNA results concerning Ottawa-Chippewa Maternal Native Bloodline of NANCY/ANN NACY FRASER of Drummond Island + (James Fraser-Scottish fur trader of Mackinac Island) @ 1800


the 9-15-2012 Ginny Morris-Chamberlin mtDNA results
Kit No. 237646
&
the 2005 Georgianne Wakeham mtDNA results

Kit No. 37008

both show:

HAPLOGROUP A subclave A2i
HVR1 Mutations 16111T
16223T 16290T 16319A 16325C
16362T
16519C

Georgianne is 6th generation maternal descendant of NANCY FARLING -daughter of Ann Nancy Fraser and James Farling---------Nancy Ann was product of Scottish fur trader and Native Drummond Island (Mackinac Island-Michigan)woman

Ginny Morris-Chamberlin is 6th generation maternal descendant of MARIE FARLING-daughter of Ann Nancy Fraser and James Farling

Nancy Farling and Marie Farling are sisters!

Richard A.Wiles-petoskey, michigan
wiles.ra.t@att.net

Nancy-Anne married FARLING James in 1814 in Canada. James (son of Farlinger John and Desrosiers Sophia) was born in 1785 in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada; died in 1862 in Mackinac Island, Mackinac Co., MI. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Josephette married LAMORANDIER Thadeaus on 17 Jul 1837 in Penetanguishene, Simcoe, Ontario, Canada. Thadeaus was born in 1814 in Drummond Island, Chippewa Co., MI; died on 21 Dec 1897 in Saginaw, MI. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

In 1827 had residence at Mackinaw Mission School - Mackinac Island.

Elizabeth married BEAULIEU Col. Clement Hudon Dit on 05 Dec 1837 in WI. Col. (son of BEAULIEU Bazile Hudon Dit and Skies) Margaret Racine (O-ge-mau-gee-shi-go-quay) (Queen of the) was born on 10 Sep 1811 in Lac de Flambeau, Oneida Co., WI; died on 02 Jan 1893 in White Earth, Becker Co., MN. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Nancy married MCARTHUR David in 1838 in Penetanguishene, Simcoe, Ontario, Canada. David was born on 19 Jul 1813 in Stirlingshire, Scotland; died on 06 May 1897 in White Earth, Becker Co., MN. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Marie married WACHTER Charles on 25 Dec 1845 in Mackinac Island, Mackinac Co., MI. Charles (son of Wachter Christian Jacob and (Cadieux) Marie Antoinette Clavelle) was born on 17 Oct 1823 in Red River Colony-Manitoba, CA; died on 11 Jun 1909 in Engadine, MI. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Superintendent of logging at Bena, MN
Chas. H. Beaulieu was the captain in Co. G. 9th Minnesota Infantry.

Clement H. Beaulieu had been associated in business with his son
Charles H. Beaulieu but now he bought out his son's interest for two
thousand dollars and four days later, he sold it to Theodore Borup of
St. Paul for three thousand dollars. He tranferred all of his Crow
Wing real estate to Charles H. Beaulieu for fifteen thousand dollars.
In 1868, he mortgaged all his household goods to Clement H. Beaulieu,
Junior, for five hundred dollars, and his livestock to F. W. Peake,
for two hundred dollars. His career as an independent merchant in
Crow Wing ended, but after moving to White Earth, he became
interested again as a merchant.

Captain married BELL Emma E. in Sep 1862. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Captain married SMITH Jennie before 1901. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Was an Episcopelien minister.

Reverend Clement H. Beaulieu

Bayfield Progress Newspaper
Bayfield, WI
Tuesday, October 16, 1916

Reverend Clement H. Beaulieu, of Le Sueur, Minnesota, has revisited the place of his birth. Though well past man's allotted span of life and without any particular pull from those "fond recollections" of which the he speaks he has entertained longing to once again see the region were the days of his childhood were spent. Accompanying friends to Ashland, he seized the opportunity afforded him, came to the city Friday and crossed by boat to Madeline Island, setting foot once again upon the soil not trod during a period of 68 years.
Reverend Beaulieu’s father, whose name was identical with the sons, was stationed on Madeline Island for some years as agent for American Fur Company, the great early day corporation which builded the fortune that the New York Astor family have since been adding to and spending.
The island post, a fort like structure, was attached to what the corporation new as the Fond du Lac District, the headquarters being at the head of Lake Superior where the city of Duluth has since come into being. In log-walled room within the Madeline island fort the claimant was born in on a rigorous night in January twenty-year 1841. There, except for occasional family excursions to Fond du Lac, he remained (a brother and sister being his only playmates, except for the Indian children who lived on the island or whom crossed occasionally from the mainland with their fur-bartering parents) until 1848, in which year the family removed.
In the old, and now overgrown, burial ground that it joined the company post repose the bones of Reverend Clements’s paternal grandfather and those of his father's brother, both of whom died there while in service of the fur company. There also are the graves of the two Beaulieu children who died while the family lived on the island. These graves the visitor of last Friday found and to them he gave some attention. The lapse of years in the long lack of attention has resulted in the following of the marking slab's and in the partial obliteration of the inscriptions; but the most noticeable evidence of the passage of time was seen in the tree of body-large size that had grown squarely in the center of the graves of grandfather Beaulieu.
>From Madeline Island the family went to Minnesota, finally finding location in St. Paul when civilization had created such a place. The Reverend Beaulieu attended school, going finally to Elizabeth town, New Jersey, and in finishing just his schoolwork at Fay Academy. Entering his own ministry in the Protestant Episcopal Church, he has since served continuously in that work, that service being rendered chiefly within the state of Minnesota.
>From the state his brother Charles served with distinction and gallantry as captain of a company in the ninth Minnesota infantry during the Civil War. Despite his years of reverent Beaulieu is still vigorous somebody and agile of mind and, though there is no left in all this region practically nothing (not even the lands contour) to be recognized as of the long-ago, he greatly enjoyed his brief visit. [End]

Rev. married PARKER Mary L. on 17 Jun 1885 in LeSeur. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
Burial: Catholic Cemetery, Madeleine Island, WI Territory

Notes:

Died:
Burial: Catholic Cemetery, La Pointe, Madeleine Island, WI Territory

Notes:

Died:
Burial: Catholic Cemetery, La Pointe, Madeleine Island, WI Territory

Family/Spouse: BEAULIEU Theo. Hudon Dit. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: BEAULIEU Ella. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Family/Spouse: Adams Thomas Billings. Thomas was born in 1830. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

WILES WHITE PAPER PROJECT NO. 5 - “D” Schultz Northern Michigan Family History


Charles Wachter, Jr.
Mackinac Island Fur Trader-Native American Roots Twice Verified by Daughters' DNA
...by Marie Rundquist and Richard Wiles

Mackinac Island on Lake Huron is central to the histories of North America's fur-trading industry in the the 18th and 19th centuries and the Wachter, Fraser, Fisher, and Farlinger (also known as Farling and McFarland) families of northern Michigan. On Mackinac Island, a 3.8 square mile spit of land located at the “tip of the mitten,” mid-way between Michigan's Upper and Lower Peninsulas, the North American fur-trading industry found its nexus, and a culture, comprised of Canadian fur-traders and their Native American wives, had its beginnings.

At the root of this family genealogy and cultural heritage is grandmother “Nancy-Anne Fraser,” whose storied, Scottish surname evokes discussion of John Fraser, a founding partner in Canada's McTavish, Fraser and Co. -- chief suppliers and fur brokers for the legendary North West Company. According to Harry Duckworth, John Fraser had engaged in Canadian business affairs throughout his career, traveling between London and Canada to restore a failed financial position while under the firm of Fraser and Young. John's association with the North American fur-trading industry began in earnest in the early 1790s, when he was at the mid-point of his life, and the McTavish, Fraser and Company was founded 1.

Based in Montreal, Fraser's company engaged in commerce with Mackinac Island fur trading society 2, fostering the inter-dependency of the two regions: with Mackinac Island serving as a supplier of furs and Montreal acting as its agent and vital link to the markets of Europe 3. In addition to his wife, Jeanne McKenzie, and two daughters, Justina and Mary, John Fraser had three sons: James, John (whom he helped place on the board of supervisors of the amalgamation of fur-trading giants, the North West and Hudson Bay Companies), and another who became a priest. According to Duckworth, daughter Mary married an unrelated, “James Fraser of Belladrum 4.” Through his partnership with McTavish, Fraser, and Company, John Fraser had in his later years, re-gained his fortune, established a Fraser family legacy in the North American fur-trading business, and he died in 1825, at the age of eighty-three. 5

In the early 1790s, when the McTavish, Fraser and Company was gaining a foot-hold in the local fur-trading economy, “Nancy-Anne Fraser,” of unknown parentage, was born. According to her husband's military records, Nancy-Anne Fraser was a half-breed, a “Metis,” of Anishinaabe (Ottawa (ODAWA)- Chippewa (Ojibwa)) and European (Scottish) ancestry. The Metis culture on Mackinac Island was born of the Native American “country wives,” and the Canadian fur-traders they never “officially” married, but with whom they had first or second families. This kinship-centered, social structure, an integral component of the fur-traders' economic sphere, survived and thrived on Mackinac Island, despite the political struggles between the United States and Britain in the late 18th century 6.

Family genealogy has, that in 1814, Nancy-Anne Fraser married James Farlinger, a blacksmith born in Ontario; she and her husband began their family on the nearby Drummond Island, following the


James Wachter
settlement patterns of other fur-trading families who sought British protection after the War of 1812. Daughters Marie (born 1824), Josephee (Josette) (1815), Elizabeth (1817) and Nancy (1819), were of an age to have attended a Protestant mission school, established on Mackinac Island, for the purpose of educating Indian children, but whose students were mostly the offspring of fur traders and their Native American “country wives 7.” James Farlinger and Nancy Fraser divorced after 1824, and James Farlinger remarried a Lamorandiere. By the mid-1840s, all four daughters had left Drummond Island to marry and begin their own families.

The Farlinger daughters' choices of spouses and eventual life circumstances crossed political boundaries and cultures. Daughter Marie and husband Charles Wachter, whose family was part of a commercial, fishing enterprise, married on Mackinac Island, Michigan (1845), and remained close to home. Daughters Josephee (Josette) and Nancy followed the paths of other fur-trader families who moved to Canada with the British: Josephee (Josette) married husband Thaddeus Lamorandiere (1837), and Nancy married David McArthur (1838) at Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada. Daughter Elizabeth married into the Beaulieu fur-trading family, established for generations on the Great Lakes 8; she and husband Clement Hudon married in 1835, in St. Joseph, Michigan, an area that was historically sympathetic to the French 9. Daughters Elizabeth and Nancy died in Minnesota, on the White Earth Reservation, in 1903 and 1879, respectively, with Elizabeth's name appearing opposite a number on an Indian Roll, her origins described as “mixed blood.” Daughter Marie died in 1871 on Mackinac Island; her sister Josephee (Josette), died in 1890, in Saginaw, Michigan.

Fast-forward to the twenty-first century, where in 2006, the late-descendant of Nancy Farling combed the Internet, visiting family genealogy websites with a singular mission: to uncover the origins of her earliest recorded grandmother, Nancy-Anne Fraser, and a hidden family line. Long after her passing, her posts remain published on the Internet, her earlier questions, and replies received, offering a series of clues, that six years later, in 2012, Petoskey, Michigan historian, researcher Richard Wiles, followed, bread-crumb fashion, as he researched the Wachter et. al. family history. The late descendant left an especially significant clue for Richard to find, one that revealed Nancy-Anne Fraser's earliest roots – her haplogroup “A” (Native American) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) test results, which were published on a DNA project website next to the name of her earliest ancestor, “Nancy Fraser.” Of genealogical concern, the published haplogroup “A” mtDNA test results revealed the Native American ancestries of Nancy-Anne Fraser and her maternal-line descendant, now deceased.

After researching the haplogroup A mtDNA test results with Family Tree DNA representatives and the Administrator of the Amerindian Ancestry out of Acadia Project, Richard Wiles determined that to verify Nancy-Anne Fraser's Native American ancestry, he would need to locate another test participant. In search of a second candidate, he compiled the genealogies assessed for the Wachter et. al. family, referenced earlier in the article, tracing maternal-line ancestries from mother to mother, through each of Nancy-Anne Fraser's four daughters, and discovered a second, maternal-line descendant, who agreed to test.

At this point, it is critical to recapitulate the maternal line genealogies of the two candidates: the first candidate, now deceased, descended from Nancy-Anne Fraser through daughter Nancy (Farling), who died on a reservation. The second candidate, discovered through genealogy research, descended from Nancy-Anne Fraser through daughter Marie (Farling), who died on Mackinac Island. For researcher Richard Wiles to verify the accuracy of the compared genealogies, and the Native American ancestry of Nancy-Anne Fraser, the two candidates' mtDNA test results must match!

After several weeks, the second candidate's mtDNA test results were returned: a match had been found between the first and second set of mtDNA test results. The original haplogroup A mtDNA finding received by the first candidate, the late descendant of Nancy (Farling), had resolved to the subgroup “A2i,” as the second candidate, a descendant of Marie (Farling), had completed the full mitochondrial sequence DNA test.

For the Wachter et. al. family, the discovery of a Native American ancestry, twice-verified by matching haplogroup A / A2i mtDNA test results, revealed the family's historic, Native American – fur trader legacy. As a result of Richard Wiles' persistence in locating a second descendant, and pursuing further mtDNA tests, an esteemed, Native American 10, Mackinac Island cultural heritage that had been destroyed by physical isolation, politics, and prejudice has been recovered for the Wachter, Fisher, Fraser, and Farling families.

Richard Wiles invites others who link to this family to email him directly at wiles.ra.t@att.net for further information, comments, and questions and posts the following maternal family lines with the families' permission:

Line 1:

Unknown Ojibwe / Chippewa Woman m. ? Fraser
Nancy-Anne Fraser m. James Farlinger, 1814
Marie Farlinger m. Charles Wachter, 1845, Mackinac Island (Michigan, USA)
Elsie Elizabeth Wachter m. Jeremiah Fisher, 1870, Cheboygan (Michigan, USA)

Line 2:

Unknown Ojibwe / Chippewa Woman m. ? Fraser
Nancy-Anne Fraser m. James Farlinger, 1814
Nancy Farlinger m. David McArthur, 1838, Penetanguishene (Ontario, Canada)
Nancy Jane McArthur m. Thomas Billings Adams ?

For questions about the Amerindian Ancestry out of Acadia Family Tree DNA project, email the Project Administrator at mrundqui@shentel.net. To view project test results, visit http://www.familytreedna.com/public/AcadianAmerIndian/default.aspx?/publicwebsite.aspx
Copyright 2012

__________________________________________________________________________
1. Jennifer S. H. Brown, W. J. Eccles, and Donald P. Heldman, eds. The Fur Trade Revisited: Selected Papers of the Sixth North American Fur Trade Conference, Mackinac Island, Michigan, 1991. East Lansing and Mackinac Island: Michigan State University Press/Mackinac State Historic Parks, 1994. pp. 39-50.
2. Ibid, 311.
3. Ibid., 310.
4. Ibid., 47, 56, n. 54
5. Ibid., 39-50.
6. Ibid., pp. 161-164, 310.
7. Ibid, 319. In Keith R. Widder's Battle for the Soul, Metis Children Encounter Evangelical Protestants at Mackinaw Mission, 1823-1837, the names of Elizabeth Farling (age 10), Nancy Farling (age 7), of Drummond Island, are listed in an appendix as attending in the year 1827. Both were described as "1/4 Chippaway."
8. Ibid., 199.
9. Ibid., pp. 306, 307.
10. Wyckoff, Larry M. 1836 Mixed-Blood Census Register, Ottawas and Chippewas of Michigan, Treaty of March 28, 1836,
includes a record of claimant Elizabeth Farling, listed her status as "admitted" and the amount of awarded monies: "486 Elizabeth Farling 3 19 Mackinac 9 1/4 Chippewa Admitted $95.14 To be retained Does not live with parents."

Family/Spouse: LeBlanc Justine. Justine (daughter of LeBlanc Samuel and Belanger Isabelle) was born on 23 May 1854 in Mackinac Island, Mackinac Co., MI; died on 12 Apr 1908 in Marinette, Marinette Co., WI. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
UNKNOWN

Elsie married Fisher Jeremiah on 18 Sep 1870 in Cheboygan, Cheboygan Co., MI. Jeremiah was born on 30 Jul 1851 in New York; died on 13 Aug 1902 in Cheboygan, Cheboygan Co., MI. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Notes:

Died:
UNKNOWN

Notes:

Died in infancy

Notes:

Died in infancy

Family/Spouse: Shuck William Robert. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

William married Vincent Ellida "Lydia" on 17 Aug 1900 in Cross Village, Emmet, Michigan, USA. Ellida (daughter of (Vinsau) John Louis Vincent and Metty Josephine) was born on 14 Oct 1882 in Garden Island, MI; died on 12 Oct 1915 in Garden Island, MI. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]

Mary married (Lovelly) Joseph LaVallee on 22 Sep 1888 in Cheboygan, Cheboygan Co., MI. Joseph (son of LAVALLE Frank and PELLANT Selina) was born in 1869 in Canada. [Group Sheet] [Family Chart]